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DisView
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!ALIAS.TXT
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1995-05-29
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========== DISview [518]
!ALIAS.TXT
==========
The DIS package supports two alias files:
1. The alias file for incoming mail (~/alias). This file is used
by your SMTP server.
2. The alias file for outgoing mail (~/spool/mail/alias). This
file is used by PCElm and SNEWS.
The mailer in the built-in KA9Q BBS is unaware of either of these
files.
==================================
INCOMING MAIL ALIAS FILE (~/alias)
==================================
To edit ~/alias from the DIS Session Manager:
*****************************************************************
MAIN MENU:D > CONFIGURE NET:D -- "Edit Incoming Mail ALIAS File"
*****************************************************************
>> Example of ~/alias:
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
# ~/alias
default deliver
postmaster ian
ian.wade ian
ian-wade ian
root ian
inquiry enquiry
fred forward fred@anyhost.com
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
The incoming mail alias file (~/alias) is read by your SMTP
server.
The incoming mail alias file is read _after_ the rewrite file
(~/spool/rewrite).
Your SMTP server is unaware of the outgoing mail alias file
(~/spool/mail/alias).
Fields in the alias file are separated by one or more spaces.
A new alias definition starts at the first character position on
a line. Alias definitions may be longer than one line long --
continuation lines start with one or more spaces.
The alias file may contain comment lines (starting with #) and/or
blank (empty) lines to improve readability.
The alias name (the first field in an alias definition) may
contain dots or minus characters (but not "@" or "%").
Case does not matter; e.g. "postmaster" and "PostMaster" are the
same.
The second and subsequent fields of an alias definition contain
the alias expansion. The expansion may contain any mix of local
mailbox names and remote email addresses.
A local mailbox name must not exceed 8 characters, and must be a
DOS-compliant filename (without a dot or extension). The filename
must not contain any of the following characters:
\ " [ ] : | < > + = ; ,
Incoming mail for a local mailbox is saved by default in the DOS
file ~/spool/mail/<mailboxname>.txt.
Alias expansions in ~/alias cannot refer to other aliases (i.e.
it is not possible to build lists of lists).
Alias definitions in ~/alias are readable by remote users (with a
command like 'telnet <yournodename> 25', followed by the SMTP
'EXPN' command). This may be a security issue.
============================
"default" entries in ~/alias
============================
The incoming mail alias file may contain a "default" entry. This
entry must be the _first_ alias definition in the file.
The default entry may be either:
"default deliver" or
"default <mailboxname>"
"default deliver"
-----------------
The "default deliver" alias allows mail addressed to _any_
mailbox on your system to be delivered without requiring
corresponding username entries in ~/ftpusers.
Where an incoming username matches an alias, the mail is
delivered to the mailbox that corresponds to the alias. (In the
above example, mail for "postmaster", "ian.wade", "ian-wade" and
"root" is all delivered to "ian", mail for "inquiry" is delivered
to "enquiry", and mail for "fred" is delivered to "forward" and
also forwarded to "fred@anyhost.com").
Where an incoming username does not match any alias, the mail is
delivered to the <username> mailbox. Thus mail for "ianwade" is
delivered to "ianwade", mail for "joebloggs" is delivered to
"joeblogg", and so on.
The incoming mail alias file should have a "postmaster" entry.
Otherwise, mail addressed to "postmaster" will finish up in the
"postmast" mailbox (this is because mailbox names are restricted
by DOS to 8 characters). It is preferable to alias "postmaster"
to your main mailbox name, making it less likely that you will
miss seeing any "postmaster" mail.
"default <mailboxname>"
-----------------------
If the incoming mail alias file contains the entry "default
<mailboxname>" (e.g. "default ian") instead of "default deliver",
then all mail which does not match any other aliases in the file
is delivered to <mailboxname>.
N.B. For this to work, you must also have an entry in ~/ftpusers
for <mailboxname> and for every other aliased mailbox. For
example, if ~/alias looks like this:
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
# ~/alias
default ian
# Mailboxes for incoming mail from lists
fire-digest firewall
solaris sun
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
then you must have a corresponding ~/ftpusers that looks
something like this:
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
# ~/ftpusers
ian ianspassword \DEMON 71
firewall ~ \TEMP 0
sun ~ \TEMP 0
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
That is, there is a user entry in ~/ftpusers for every local
mailbox name in ~/alias.
The ~ passwords in ~/ftpusers signify that the "firewall" and
"sun" users can receive mail but cannot otherwise access your
system (e.g. via FTP or Telnet).
The main advantage of using "default <mailboxname>" instead of
"default deliver" in ~/alias is that all mail goes to one mailbox
(except any mail addressed to the aliases).
No "default" entry
------------------
If the "default deliver" entry is missing, any mail addressed to
your system will only be delivered to users having entries in
~/ftpusers.
Mail addressed to other users not listed in ~/ftpusers will be
bounced (with one exception: any mail which is addressed to
"postmaster" will _always_ be delivered).
=============================================
OUTGOING MAIL ALIAS FILE (~/spool/mail/alias)
=============================================
To edit ~/spool/mail/alias from the DIS Session Manager:
*****************************************************************
MAIN MENU:F > CONFIGURE MAIL:B -- "Edit ALIAS"
*****************************************************************
>> Example of ~/spool/mail/alias:
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
# ~/spool/mail/alias
ian ian@dowrmain.demon.co.uk
thegang alex@alpha.com bill@beta.edu george@gamma.org
denise@delta.gov outgoing
list1 thegang oscar@omega.gov
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
The outgoing mail alias file (~/spool/mail/alias) is read by
PCElm and SNEWS.
PCElm and SNEWS are unaware of the incoming mail alias file
(~/alias), the rewrite file (~/spool/rewrite) and ~/ftpusers.
Syntax rules for entries in ~/spool/mail/alias are the same as
for ~/alias.
In addition, for PCElm only, expansions in ~/spool/mail/alias
_can_ refer to other aliases (i.e. it is possible to build lists
of lists -- see the definition of "list1" in the example above).
This does not apply to SNEWS.
N.B. Some versions of PCElm are broken, and do not process
the outgoing mail alias file properly. PCElm version
1.11 fixes this problem and should be used in preference
to earlier versions.
Alias definitions in ~/spool/mail/alias are _not_ accessible by
remote users.